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目的分析某企业2011-02/11风疹暴发疫情特征和原因,为预防控制风疹提供有效依据。方法应用描述性流行病学方法对风疹发病情况进行分析,实验室采用酶联免疫捕捉试验(ELISA)检测风疹IgM抗体。结果本次疫情累计报告病例1 556例,企业内罹患率2 750.62/10万(1 556/56 569),历时281 d。病例均不能明确回答免疫史情况,疫情初期实验室检测风疹IgM抗体阳性率83.33%,发病高峰在4~7月,占总病例的86.11%,DYYQ公寓病例占61.94%,乐山、成都、宜宾和眉山来源地病例占40.52%,男女之比为1.66∶1,71.72%的病例为3个风疹潜伏期内新入企业的员工,是成都市一起罕见的成人风疹暴发疫情。结论易感人群在短时间内聚集是造成风疹暴发的主要原因,未有效隔离和应急接种造成疫情蔓延。
Objective To analyze the characteristics and causes of outbreaks of rubella in a certain enterprise from February 1, 2011 to January 2011 and provide an effective basis for prevention and control of rubella. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the incidence of rubella. IgM antibodies against rubella were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in laboratory. Results A total of 1 556 cases were reported in the current outbreak and the intra-firm attack rate was 2750.62 / 100000 (1 556/56 569), which lasted 281 days. In the early stage of epidemic situation, the positive rate of rubella IgM antibody in laboratory was 83.33%. The peak incidence peak was in April to July, accounting for 86.11% of the total cases and 61.94% in DYYQ apartment cases. Leshan, Chengdu, Yibin and Yibin Meishan, 40.52% of cases of origin, male to female ratio of 1.66:1,71.72% of the cases for the 3 new employees within the incubation period of rubella, Chengdu, Chengdu rare rash outbreaks of adults. Conclusions The main reason for the outbreak of rubella in susceptible population in a short period of time is that the outbreak has not been effectively isolated and vaccinated.