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目的分析2012年河源市手足口病的流行病学特征和临床特点。方法采用回顾性调查分析方法,对河源市人民医院传染科2012年收治的985例手足口病患儿进行流行病学特征和临床特点研究分析。结果在985例手足口病患儿中,发病高峰季节主要集中于4～6月,占发病总人数80.6%,较上年提前(2011年主要集中在5～7月,全年发病总人数的80.3%);男女性别比2.04∶1,较上年男性比例有所升高(2011年男女性别比为1.76∶1);3岁以下儿童居多,平均年龄(2.36±1.83)岁;农村居住患儿较多,占62.2%;临床症状主要为发热、皮疹;肠道病毒71(EV71)型和柯萨奇A组16(Cox-A16)型感染所占比例较低,分别为16.0%、6.5%;大多数伴有心肌酶升高。结论本地区手足口病的发病与年龄、季节、居住环境、卫生意识等有关,针对性的预防措施和及时的诊治,将有助于手足口病的防控。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and clinical features of HFMD in Heyuan City in 2012. Methods A retrospective survey was conducted to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and clinical features of 985 HFMD patients admitted to Department of Infectious Diseases, Heyuan People ’s Hospital in 2012. Results Among the 985 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease, the peak season of onset was mainly from April to June, accounting for 80.6% of the total number of cases, compared with the previous year (mainly concentrated in May-July in 2011, the annual total number of cases 80.3%). The sex ratio of men and women was 2.04:1, which was higher than that of the previous year (the ratio of male to female was 1.76:1 in 2011); the majority of children under 3 years old with average age (2.36 ± 1.83) years; (62.2%). The main clinical symptoms were fever and skin rash. The rates of enterovirus 71 (EV71) and Cox-A16 infection were 16.0% and 6.5 %; Most accompanied by elevated myocardial enzymes. Conclusion The incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease in the region is related to age, season, living environment, health awareness and so on, and targeted preventive measures and timely diagnosis and treatment will help prevent and control hand-foot-mouth disease.