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目的了解监狱人民警察(狱警)的营养知识、态度、行为(KAP)水平及干预效果,为开展狱警营养干预提供依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样的方法对浙江省狱警开展营养KAP问卷调查,分析狱警营养知识、态度水平和饮食行为,并实施营养教育和调整食堂膳食等干预措施,6个月后评价干预前后狱警营养KAP水平变化。结果干预前狱警营养KAP总分为70.27±10.90,其中营养知识、态度、行为得分分别为27.38±6.97、18.07±3.24、24.82±3.96。干预后,狱警的营养KAP总分上升至91.19±4.11,其中营养知识、态度、行为得分分别为37.03±2.97、19.71±0.71、34.45±2.74,较干预前均有明显提高(P<0.01)。结论浙江省狱警普遍缺乏营养知识,存在饮食不均衡等诸多不良饮食习惯;以食堂膳食调整为重点并结合系列营养健康教育,是提高狱警营养知识水平和改善其不良饮食行为的有效方法。
Objective To understand the nutritional knowledge, attitude and behavior (KAP) level of prison people’s police (prison guards) and the effect of intervention, and to provide the basis for conducting prison nutrition intervention. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to conduct a nutrition KAP questionnaire among prison officers in Zhejiang Province. The nutrition knowledge, attitudes and dietary behaviors of guard officers were analyzed. Interventions such as nutrition education and canteen diet were implemented. Six months later, Prison guard nutrition KAP level changes. Results The total KAP scores of intervention guards before nutrition were 70.27 ± 10.90, among which nutritional knowledge, attitude and behavior scores were 27.38 ± 6.97, 18.07 ± 3.24 and 24.82 ± 3.96 respectively. After intervention, the total KAP scores of prison officers increased to 91.19 ± 4.11, among which nutritional knowledge, attitude and behavior scores were 37.03 ± 2.97, 19.71 ± 0.71 and 34.45 ± 2.74, respectively, which were significantly higher than those before intervention (P <0.01). Conclusion The prison guards in Zhejiang Province generally lack nutritional knowledge, and there are many unhealthy eating habits such as unbalanced diet. Focusing on the adjustment of canteens’ diet and combining with series of nutrition and health education, it is an effective way to improve the nutrition knowledge of prison guards and improve their bad dietary behaviors.