提出一种计算公式,定量地计算同时形成氢氧化物沉淀和氢氧配合物的化学反应体系中金属离子的分布,考察影响氢氧化物沉淀和氢氧配合物形成的各种因素;基于提出的公式,计算锌、铁、铝、铜和镁的沉淀率,理论计算与实验结果一致。根据提出的计算公式,可以很好地描述在任意金属离子同时存在的氢氧化物反应体系中金属离子的存在形态,考察影响金属离子分布的因素。 A calculation formula is proposed to quantitatively calculate the distribution of metal ions in the chemical reaction system that simultaneously forms the hydroxide precipitate and the hydroxide complex. The factors affecting the precipitation of the hydroxide compound and the formation of the hydroxide complex are investigated. Based on the proposed Formula, calculate the precipitation rate of zinc, iron, aluminum, copper and magnesium, the theoretical calculation and experimental results. According to the proposed calculation formula, the existence of metal ions in the hydroxide reaction system in which any metal ions coexist can be well described, and the factors that affect the distribution of metal ions are investigated.