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上世纪70年代末恢复高考,高考发挥着对全国教育恢复与重建的“指挥棒”作用。上世纪80年代中期,由“片面追求升学率”引发了对高考改革的讨论,上海等地开始试点自主命题、会考、标准化命题等改革探索。上世纪90年代,随着会考制度在全国确立,高考从对知识的考查向对能力考查的方向转变。1999年的高校扩招与新世纪的素质教育推进,使高考改革逐步深入。3+X试点、高考放开年龄限制、各省市自主高考命题、高校自主招生等,标志着高考改革已经从制度建设朝向更为公平与开放的方向发展。
In the late 1970s, the college entrance examination was resumed. The college entrance examination played a role as the “baton” for the restoration and reconstruction of education across the country. In the mid-1980s, “unilaterally pursuing the entrance rate” triggered discussions on the reform of the college entrance examination. Shanghai and other places started the pilot reform of independent propositions, examination examinations, and standardized propositions. 90s of last century, with the examination system established in the country, college entrance examination from the knowledge to test the ability to test the direction of change. Enrollment expansion in colleges and universities in 1999 and quality education in the new century, so that the gradual deepening of college entrance examination reform. 3 + X pilot, the college entrance examination to let go of the age limit, autonomous provinces college entrance examination proposition, colleges and autonomous enrollment, marking the college entrance examination reform has been from the system construction toward a more fair and open direction.