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民国时期清华大学藏有3种外文版《资本论》:第一个英文全译本、第一个德文大众版和第一个日文全译本。这3种版本恰好是在马克思恩格斯去世之后、苏联和东欧主导马克思恩格斯文献出版事业之前出版的,是这一阶段的主流版本。这一阶段《资本论》的出版支持者和编译者因为不同的出版目的和学术偏好,往往选择了不同的母本和编译原则,从而形成与现今通行本不同的特色。从版本源流的角度考察这些版本,挖掘其文献传播史和编译史方面的价值,是以往研究所忽视的问题。此外,以这3版《资本论》为代表的稀见马克思恩格斯文献反映了民国清华在外文藏书方面非常注意跟进学术前沿,对今天清华大学文科的学术文献建设具有启示作用。
During the period of the Republic of China, Tsinghua University contained three kinds of foreign capitals: The First English Version, The First German Version and The First Japanese Version. These three versions were published just before the death of Marx and Engels and before the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe led the publication of Marx and Engels’ literature. They are the mainstream versions of this period. The proponents and compilers of Capital at this stage often choose different principles of maternal and compilation because of their different publishing purposes and academic preferences, thus forming a feature that is different from the present one. Examining these versions from the perspective of the origin of the version, and excavating the value of its history of literature transmission and compilation history, are problems neglected in previous studies. In addition, the rare Marx and Engels’ literature represented by these 3 editions of Capital Theory reflects that the Republic of China paid close attention to the academic frontiers in collecting foreign books, and has an enlightening role in the academic literature construction of liberal arts in Tsinghua University today.