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目的探讨人类受精失败的卵母细胞补救单精子卵胞浆内注射(ICSI)后胚胎发育潜能低下的原因。方法选择2008年3月至11月就诊于安徽医科大学第一附属医院生殖医学中心接受体外受精(IVF)患者,将受精失败的卵母细胞补救ICSI后各个发育阶段胚胎(2-细胞、4-细胞、8-细胞、致密桑椹)作为实验组;对照组为正常的卵母细胞ICSI后各个发育阶段胚胎。透射电子显微镜下观察其线粒体。结果实验组内卵裂球间线粒体分布不均匀,大小不等,对照组内线粒体数目多,卵裂球间分布均匀。两组内线粒体在胚胎发育过程中分布基本相似。实验组内2-细胞、4-细胞组异常线粒体所占比例与其余两组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),对照组内致密桑椹组异常线粒体所占比例均高于其余3组(P<0.05)。实验组内各期胚胎异常线粒体所占比例均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 IVF受精失败的卵母细胞补救ICSI后胚胎发育过程中,异常线粒体数量的增加、线粒体的异常分布以及卵裂球之间线粒体的不均匀分布导致补救ICSI后胚胎发育潜能低下。
Objective To investigate the reasons why embryo failed to fertilize oocytes after cryopreservation of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Methods From March to November 2008, the patients who received in vitro fertilization (IVF) at the Reproductive Medicine Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University were enrolled in this study. The fertilized oocytes were used to repair embryos (2-cell, 4- Cells, 8-cell and compact mulberry) as experimental group; control group was normal embryos at various developmental stages after ICSI. The mitochondria were observed under a transmission electron microscope. Results The distribution of mitochondria in blastomeres was not uniform in experimental group, but the number of mitochondria in control group was more than that in blastocysts. Mitochondria within the two groups during embryonic development are basically similar. The proportion of abnormal mitochondria in the 2-cell and 4-cell groups in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the other two groups (P <0.05), and the proportion of abnormal mitochondria in the dense mulberry group was higher in the control group than the other three groups Group (P <0.05). The proportion of abnormal mitochondria in embryos in experimental group was higher than that in control group (P <0.05). Conclusions During embryonic development after IVF fertilization failed ICSI, the number of abnormal mitochondria, the abnormal distribution of mitochondria and the non-uniform distribution of mitochondria in blastomeres result in low embryonic development potential after ICSI recovery.