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目前世界上实行药品专利的国家、地区和国际组织有88个,未实行药品专利的有47个国家和地区。大多数国家的专利期限自申请日起15-20a(年),但具体情况不尽相同,如美国为17a(可延长5a)、英国20a、西德18-20a、法国20a、意大利15a、比利时20a、澳大利亚16a、日本15a、南朝鲜15a。了解各国实行药品专利概况和掌握国外近期在销药品专利到期年份,将有利于我国科研人员的科研选题、企业药品出口创汇和选择参加国际市场竞争的时机,目前显得尤为迫切和重要、应读者要求,本刊编辑部约请上海市医药管理局科技情报研究所俞玉英高级工程师和王继鸣工程师解答,分几期连续刊出。按药品作用分类、每个药品列出国际非专有药名和中文名、开发厂商和国家、专利及药典收载情况。
At present, there are 88 countries, regions and international organizations that implement pharmaceutical patents in the world, and 47 countries that have not implemented pharmaceutical patents. Most countries have a patent term of 15-20a (years) from the date of filing, but the details vary. For example, the United States is 17a (extended for 5a), the United Kingdom 20a, West Germany 18-20a, France 20a, Italy 15a, Belgium 20a, Australia 16a, Japan 15a, South Korea 15a. It is particularly urgent and important now to understand the overview of the implementation of drug patents in various countries and to grasp the expiry date of patents for drugs sold in foreign countries in the near future. This will be conducive to the selection of research topics for scientific research personnel in our country, the opportunity for enterprises to earn foreign exchange through drug exports and to choose to compete in the international market. Reader requirements, editorial department of this magazine invited Shanghai Institute of Medical Technology Yu Yuying senior engineer and Wang Jiming engineers answer, divided into several consecutive published. According to the classification of drug effects, each drug lists the international non-proprietary drug names and Chinese names, developers and countries, patents and Pharmacopoeia collection situation.