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新中国第二次大规模引进的主要目的不是为了技术赶超,而是为了缓解长期积累的供求矛盾。为解决供应不足,这次引进所依据的方案——“四三方案”成了一个使引进技术国产化流于空泛的方案。尽管国家竭尽全力进行引进项目建设,但由于各种因素的影响,建设过程依然充满艰难,不仅其中的软件技术没有很好地转移到中国,连“硬件技术”也没有发挥应有的效用。这次引进过程中出现的种种问题暴露了建国以来技术引进和技术创新工作的不足,这些不足和长期实行重工业优先发展的工业化战略不无关系,但由于该战略是当时特殊的历史条件和客观需要的产物,中国曲折的技术进步之路在很大程度上也是一个历史的选择。
The main purpose of the second large-scale introduction of new China is not to catch up with technology, but to alleviate the long-term supply and demand contradictions. In order to solve the problem of insufficient supply, the plan on which this introduction was based - “43 Plan” has become a vanguard plan to make the introduction of technology into China. Although the state made every effort to introduce the construction of the project, due to various factors, the construction process was still full of difficulties. Not only did the software technology in the project not be transferred to China well, nor did “hardware technology” play its due role . The various problems that emerged during the process of introducing the new technology have exposed the shortcomings in technology import and technological innovation since the founding of the People’s Republic. These deficiencies are not unrelated to the industrialized strategy of giving priority to the development of heavy industry for a long time. However, due to the particular historical conditions and objective needs The product of China’s twists and turns of the road to technological progress is also largely a historical choice.