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采用竖(斜)井纵向分段式通风的长大山岭隧道由于涉及隧道特点、交通状况、气象特征、环境要求等多种因素,对通风井与隧道相对位置如何确定目前还没有定论。基于计算流体动力学和污染物体积分数判识标准,以FLOW-3D为分析工具,参考隧道可行性报告中远景交通量预测的相关数据,对隧道建立了可以综合考虑交通污染、隧道内环境、井外影响等多种因素的通风井位置优化方法。首先以计算流体动力学的相关假设为前提,对气流在隧道与竖井中的运移进行动力学分析,然后采用高次多项式的数据拟合法根据分析结果对规范中未确定的竖井设定位置进行量化。采用此优化方法对某隧道宜布置竖井的大致范围(1 km长)的距离上进行分析,研究得出竖井的最优位置是距气流进口端519 m,即竖井距进出口的距离比为1.079的结论。最后通过总结前人关于采用竖井纵向分段式通风的隧道设计实例,对此方法计算结果的合理性和可靠性进行了验证。
Longitudinal mountain tunnel with vertical (inclined) well ventilation is not yet conclusive at present due to various factors such as tunnel characteristics, traffic conditions, meteorological features and environmental requirements. Based on the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and contaminant volume fraction identification criteria, FLOW-3D was used as an analysis tool to refer to the related data of long-range traffic volume prediction in the tunnel feasibility report. The data of traffic volume, tunnel environment, Ventilation well location optimization with many factors, such as influence outside the well. First of all, based on the assumption of computational fluid dynamics, the dynamic analysis of air flow in the tunnel and shaft is carried out. Then the data fitting method based on the high-order polynomial is used to determine the position of the shaft which is not determined in the code according to the analysis result Quantify. The optimization method is used to analyze the approximate range (1 km long) of the shaft that should be arranged in a tunnel. The optimal position of the shaft is found to be 519 m from the inlet end of the air flow, ie, the distance ratio of the shaft to the inlet and outlet is 1.079 Conclusion. Finally, by summarizing the predecessors’ design examples of tunnels using vertical sectionwise ventilation in vertical shafts, the rationality and reliability of the calculation results of this method are verified.