随着器官移植近半个世纪的发展,当前临床同种异体肾脏移植的主要热点已经转移到低毒性免疫抑制药物及其方案的应用,以及诱导移植受者产生针对供者的特异性免疫低应答或无应答技术的研究。现阶段诱导免疫耐受的有效方法,主要有供者特异性输血和供者特异性骨髓移植。文章就这两种方法的研究背景、机制以及临床应用进展进行综述。 With the development of organ transplantation for nearly half a century, the major hotspots of current clinical allograft kidney transplantation have shifted to the use of low-toxicity immunosuppressive drugs and their regimens and to induce transplant recipients to develop specific immune-low responses to donors Or non-response technology research. At this stage an effective method to induce immune tolerance, there are donor-specific blood transfusion and donor-specific bone marrow transplantation. The article reviews the research background, mechanism and clinical application of these two methods.