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根据我国现行刑事立法及司法解释规定,刑事附带民事诉讼中不支持精神损害赔偿。精神损害赔偿制度在民事法律领域已广泛确立,而刑事立法却予以否定,显然在逻辑上及法理上都是值得怀疑的:(1)从行为性质上看,某些犯罪是性质更为恶劣的侵权行为;(2)从损害结果上看,犯罪造成的后果一般比侵权行为严重;(3)从构成要件上看,侵犯人身权利、人格利益的犯罪行为符合承担精神损害赔偿责任的要件。一般民事侵权行为尚应承担精神损害赔偿责任,犯罪行为却排除适用精神损害赔偿,这一规定是否合理?本文基于此怀疑展开分析,提出我国应当建立刑事附带民事诉讼精神损害赔偿制度,以保护受害人权利,实现公平正义,维护法律体系的统一。
According to China’s current criminal legislation and judicial interpretation of the provisions of the criminal incidental civil lawsuit does not support the compensation for moral damages. The system of compensation for mental damage has been widely established in the field of civil law. However, the criminal legislation negates it. Apparently it is both logical and legal: (1) Certain crimes are even worse in nature (2) Judging from the result of the damage, the consequences caused by the crime are generally more serious than those of the infringement. (3) Judging from the constitutional requirements, the criminal acts infringing upon the rights and interests of the individual are in line with the requirements of the liability for mental damages. The general tort tort should still bear the liability for mental damage, but the criminal act excludes the application of moral damages, this provision is reasonable? Based on this suspicion, this article analyzes and puts forward that our country should establish a spiritual compensation system for criminal incidental civil proceedings to protect the victims Human rights, fairness and justice, and safeguarding the unity of the legal system.