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目的明确陕西省神木县及周边地区花粉症的诱因和临床特征。方法对2003年10月至2006年9月在神木县医院确诊的260例夏秋季花粉症患者进行鼻炎及哮喘首次发病年龄、发作时间、发病特点临床标准问卷调查,同时进行20种常见吸入性变应原皮内试验及血清s Ig E检测。结果变应性鼻炎253例(单纯鼻炎及鼻炎伴发哮喘患者)及单纯变应性鼻炎147例患者的平均首次发病年龄分别为(25.44±10.44)和(25.61±11.06)岁,首次发病的高峰年龄段均为10~39岁。变应性哮喘113例平均起病年龄为(27.40±9.14)岁,起病高峰年龄段为20~39岁。90.57%的患者鼻炎先于哮喘发病,同年或1~2年内发病占59.43%,发病间隔平均为(2.99±3.60)年。鼻炎、哮喘症状发作均集中在7-9月3个月。大籽蒿皮试≥+、≥++者分别占夏秋季花粉症患者总数的86.54%和74.23%。结论陕西省神木县及周边地区夏秋季花粉症患者最主要的致敏花粉为蒿属花粉,变应性鼻炎患者高达97.31%,哮喘患者>40%。当地夏秋季花粉症的发病高峰为青壮年,每年症状持续时间长达3个月,夏秋季花粉症已成为当地的社会医学问题,应引起当地政府、医疗行政部门及医院的高度重视。
Objective To determine the causes and clinical features of hay fever in Shenmu County and its surrounding areas in Shaanxi Province. Methods From October 2003 to September 2006 in Shenmu County Hospital, 260 cases of summer and autumn hay fever patients were investigated for the first clinical onset of rhinitis and asthma age, onset time and incidence characteristics of the questionnaire survey, while 20 common inhaled lesions Should be the original skin test and serum s Ig E test. Results The mean first onset ages of 253 patients with allergic rhinitis (patients with rhinitis and rhinitis alone) and 147 patients with allergic rhinitis were (25.44 ± 10.44) and (25.61 ± 11.06) years old, respectively, with the first onset peak Age range is 10 to 39 years old. The mean age of onset of allergic asthma was (27.40 ± 9.14) years old and the peak age of onset was 20 ~ 39 years old. The incidence of rhinitis was earlier than that of asthma in 90.57% of the patients. The incidence of rhinitis was 59.43% in the same year or 1-2 years with an average interval of 2.99 ± 3.60 years. Rhinitis, asthma attacks are concentrated in the 7-9 months 3 months. Artemisia annua test ≥ +, ≥ ++ were accounted for 86.54% and 74.23% of the total number of summer and fall hay fever patients. Conclusions The main allergenic pollen in summer and autumn hay fever patients in Shenmu County and surrounding areas in Shaanxi Province is Artemisia pollen, with allergic rhinitis as high as 97.31% and asthma patients> 40%. The incidence of local summer and autumn hay fever peak for young adults, the symptoms lasts for up to 3 months each year, summer and fall hay fever has become a local social medical issues, should cause local government, medical administration departments and hospitals attach great importance.