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本试验利用三个不同结荚习性的栽培大豆(G.max)做母本,分别与三个半野生大豆(G.graeilis)按NCⅡ设计配制的9个杂交组合,估测了F_1、F_2代主要农艺性状的优势指数;F_2代主要农艺性状的平均数、变幅、遗传变异系数、遗传力和预期遗传进度。试验结果表明:F_1代除百粒重、主茎有效节数以外,其余性状均有明显的杂种优势;F_2代除有效分枝、主茎粗以外,其余性状的优势指数均明显下降;F_2代遗传变异幅度大小的趋势为有限组合>亚有限组合>无限组合;生育日数、株高的遗传力高,可在早期世代进行选择;单株粒数、单株荚数、主茎粗的遗传力低,应在较晚世代选择;单株粒重及其主要构成因素均有较大的遗传进度绝对值,无限组合的遗传进度明显低于有限、亚有限组合。
In this study, we used three G. majus cultivars (G.max) as the female parent and 9 hybrid combinations of G.graeilis and NCⅡ respectively to evaluate the effects of F_1 and F_2 generations The dominant index of main agronomic traits; the average number of agronomic traits, amplitude, coefficient of genetic variation, heritability and expected genetic progress of F 2 generations. The results showed that all the traits of F_1 had obvious heterosis except 100-grain weight and effective number of stems. The dominant index of F_2 was significantly lower than those of F_2, except for effective branches and main stems. The trend of the magnitude of genetic variation was limited combination> sub-limited combination> infinite combination; the heritability of growing days and plant height was high, which could be selected in the early generation; the heritability of grain per plant, pods per plant, Low, should be selected in the later generations; grain weight per plant and its main components have a greater absolute value of the genetic progress, infinite combination of genetic progress was significantly lower than the limited, sub-limited combinations.