司马迁提出的“发愤著书”说在中国古代文论史上有着划时代的意义。尽管司马迁的“发愤著书”说对后世韩愈的“不平则鸣”、欧阳修的诗“穷而后工”、金圣叹等人的文学理论观点都有着深刻的影响,但是我们对它们之间的具体关系还没有确切的辨析。因此,本文主要是对“发愤著书”说和“穷而后工”说的关系进行详细的论述,从而来更准确地掌握二者间的理论关系。 Sima Qian’s “Outraged Book” said that there is an epoch-making significance in the history of ancient Chinese literary theory. Although Sima Qian’s “angry book” said that he had a profound influence on later Han Yu’s “unequivocal ”, Ouyang Xiu’s poem “poor and later ”, Jin Shengtan and other literary theory point of view, but we The exact relationship between them has not yet been precisely identified. Therefore, this article mainly elaborates on the relationship between “angry writing” and “poor and then working”, so as to grasp more accurately the theoretical relationship between the two.