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为确定特化等级裂腹鱼类的遗传分化关系 ,对 7种 2 2个裂腹鱼个体进行随机扩增多态DNA(RAPD)研究。从所使用的 40个随机引物中 ,选择了 37个扩增带谱清晰的引物进行分析。根据构建的分子系统树显示 ,特化等级裂腹鱼类划分为 3个属级分类单元较为合适 ,这与采用形态学特征进行系统分析所得出的结论一致。在 2 2个个体之间遗传距离矩阵中 ,最大的遗传距离指数达到了 90 38% ,此外 ,还有较多的遗传距离指数也在 6 0 %～ 90 %之间。通过分析 ,认为用RAPD标记技术来分析属级或属级以上分类单元的亲缘关系 ,具有一定的适用性。对于一些遗传差异较大的类群 (如裂腹鱼类 ) ,应用属级或属级以上分类单元的亲缘关系 ,很可能会出现个体之间遗传距离接近或达到 10 0 %的情况 ,从而无法探讨其相互之间的亲缘关系。
In order to determine the genetic differentiation of specialized grade schizonts, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) studies were performed on seven individuals of twenty-two individuals. Of the 40 random primers used, 37 primers with clear amplification bands were selected for analysis. According to the constructed molecular phylogenetic tree, it is more appropriate to classify Schizothorax into three generic taxa, which is consistent with the conclusion of the systematic analysis using morphological characteristics. In the genetic distance matrix between 22 individuals, the maximum genetic distance index reached 90.38%. In addition, there are more genetic distance indices between 60% and 90%. Through analysis, it is considered that it is reasonable to use RAPD markers to analyze the genetic relationship of taxa above genus or genus. For some genetically divergent groups (such as schizonts), the genetic relationship between genus or genus may be approached, it is likely that the genetic distance between individuals may reach or reach 10%, which makes it impossible to discuss Their relationship to each other.