Sequencing of 231 forensic genetic markers using the MiSeq FGxTM forensic genomics system-an evaluat

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The MiSeq FGxTM Forensic Genomics System types 231 genetic markers in one multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay.The markers include core forensic short tandem repeats (STRs) as well as identity,ancestry and phenotype informative short nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).In this work,the MiSeq FGxTM Forensic Genomics System was evaluated by analysing reproducibility,sensitivity,mixture identification and forensic phenotyping capabilities of the assay.Furthermore,the genotype calling of the ForenSeqTM Universal Analysis Software was verified by analysing fastq.gz files from the MiSeq FGxTM platform using the softwares STRinNGS and GATK.Overall,the performance of the MiSeq FGxTM Forensic Genomics System was high.However,locus and allele drop-outs were relatively frequent at six loci (two STRs and four human identification SNPs) due to low read depth or skewed heterozygote balances,and the stutter ratios were larger than those observed with conventional STR genotyping methods.The risk of locus and allele drop-outs increased dramatically when the amount of DNA in the first PCR was lower than 250 pg.Two-person 50∶1 mixtures were identified as mixtures,whereas 100∶1 and 1000∶1 mixtures were not.Y-chromosomal short tandem repeats (Y-STRs) alleles were detected in the 100∶1 and 1000∶1 female/male mixtures.The ForenSeqTM Universal Analysis Software provided the data analyst with useful alerts that simplified the analysis of the large number of markers.Many of the alerts were due to user-defined,locus-specific criteria.The results shown here indicated that the default settings should be altered for some loci.Also,recommended changes to the assay and software are discussed.
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