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为探求山丘区中小河流滩地土壤物理性质及空间分布特征,以浙江省龙游县灵山港滩地为试验对象,通过野外取样与室内测定分析,分析研究了山丘区中小河流滩地表层土壤的密度、体积质量、孔隙度、饱和含水率、颗粒组成等滩地土壤物理性质变化与空间分布特征。结果表明,河道沿线滩地土壤物理性质空间差异性显著,主要表现为:(1)从上游至下游,滩地土壤密度沿程降低,中游区段土壤体积质量最小,总孔隙度以及饱和含水率最大。(2)土壤颗粒组成以粗颗粒(粗砂,细砂)为主,在河道纵向上,随着河道坡降变缓,水流能态减小,粗颗粒质量分数降低,细颗粒(粉粒,黏粒)质量分数及土壤粒径分维值(D)增加,滩地土壤颗粒沿程细化。(3)由于水流条件及植被类型的影响,在不同滩位上,高滩处林地土壤细颗粒组质量分数及土壤粒径分维值最高,分别为36.38%和2.66,土壤粒径分维值能够反映出不同沉积环境对土壤颗粒分布的影响。
In order to explore the characteristics of soil physical properties and spatial distribution in the middle and small river beach in hill area, taking Lingshan Port land of Longyou County in Zhejiang Province as test object, the density of surface soil of middle and small river stream in hill area was analyzed through field sampling and indoor analysis. , Volumetric quality, porosity, saturated water content, particle composition and other physical properties of beach soil physical properties and spatial distribution. The results showed that the spatial heterogeneity of soil physical properties along the beach was significant. The main features were as follows: (1) From upstream to downstream, the density of soil in the beach decreased along with the lowest soil volume, the highest total porosity and saturated water content. (2) The composition of the soil particles is mainly composed of coarse particles (coarse sand and fine sand). In the longitudinal direction of the river, the flow energy decreases and the mass fraction of coarse particles decreases, Clay) mass fraction and fractal dimension (D) of soil particle size increase, and the soil particles along the beach land are refined. (3) Due to the influence of water flow and vegetation types, the fractal dimension values of soil fine-grained soil mass fraction and soil particle diameter were the highest at 36.38% and 2.66, respectively, at different beach positions. The fractal dimension of soil particle size Can reflect the different sedimentary environment on the distribution of soil particles.