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内质网(endoplasmic reticulum,ER)是最大的细胞器之一,是细胞膜所有组件、蛋白、脂类和类固醇合成的部位。当未折叠/错误折叠蛋白在内质网内堆积时将导致内质网应激(endoplasmicreticulum stress,ERS)。ERS是ER生理功能发生紊乱的一种病理状态,是机体的一种自我防御机制,持久而强烈的ERS可引起细胞不可逆损伤甚至凋亡,因此其是促细胞凋亡的一条重要途径。多囊卵巢综合征患者卵巢窦卵泡颗粒细胞异常凋亡,表明ERS介导的颗粒细胞凋亡可能与多囊卵巢综合征的发生有关。
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER), one of the largest organelles, is the site of synthesis of all components of the cell membrane, proteins, lipids and steroids. Unfolded / misfolded proteins cause endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) when they accumulate in the endoplasmic reticulum. ERS is a pathological state of ER physiological disorder, is a self-defense mechanism of the body. Long-lasting and strong ERS can cause irreversible cell damage and even apoptosis. Therefore, ERS is an important pathway to promote apoptosis. Abnormal apoptosis of granulosa cells of ovarian sinus follicles in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome indicates that ERS-mediated apoptosis of granulosa cells may be related to the occurrence of PCOS.