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印度豇豆根瘤发达,在我们的试验条件下,平均每株植物的根瘤粒数可达66个,一般密布于侧根上部。主根上的根瘤较大,但数量少。侧根上的根瘤不仅数量多于主根上的,而且其固氮活性也较高。印度豇豆生育早期根瘤的固氮活性较低,分枝盛期根瘤数量和固氮活性都显著增加,开花期,特别是开花盛期固氮活性最高,结荚后固氮活性明显下降。经测算,每亩柑桔园中如套种30815株印度豇豆,从5月11日(分枝初期)至7月8日(第一次割青)的两个月期间内,每亩印度豇豆根瘤固定的氮素约为5.91公斤(折合硫酸铵27.8公斤)。印度豇豆作为果园复盖绿肥,每年可割青2～3次。试验结果表明,印度豇豆根瘤发达,固氮能力强,抗逆性大,适应性广,生长迅速,枝叶茂盛,是新垦果园改良土壤的优良先锋作物。
India cowpea nodules developed, under our experimental conditions, the average number of nodules per plant up to 66, usually in the lateral root above. Root nodules on the main root larger, but a small number. Not only the number of root nodules on the lateral roots is greater than that on the main roots, but also the nitrogen fixation activity is higher. In the early stage of growth, the nitrogen fixation activity of Indian cowpea nodules was lower, and the nodulation number and nitrogen fixation activity were significantly increased during the branching stage. The nitrogen fixation activity was the highest at flowering stage, especially at flowering stage, and the nitrogen fixation activity was significantly decreased after podding. It has been calculated that, for example, 30,815 Indian cowpeas are planted per acre of citrus orchards in a period of two months from May 11 (initial stage) to July 8 (first cut) Fixed nitrogen is about 5.91 kg (equivalent to 27.8 kg of ammonium sulfate). Indian cowpea green manure covered as an orchard can be cut 2 to 3 times a year. The results showed that Indian cowpea nodules developed, nitrogen fixation ability, resistance to large, wide adaptability, rapid growth, lush foliage, is an excellent new pioneer orchard improved soil avant-garde crops.