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目的 了解SARS密切接触者的发病危险因素。方法 采用回顾性流行病学方法,分析已有的SARS疫情及密切接触者的流行病学资料,利用SPSS统计软件对现有资料进行统计学分析。结果 在北京市5个区县的2195个密切接触者中,转归为病例138例,罹患率为6.3％。与病例为同事、同学关系,罹患率仅为0.36％。家务待业病例的密切接触者罹患率为最高(15.33％),接触地点在家和医院的密切接触者罹患率为31.71％,接触地点在学校密切接触者罹患率为0.77％。而接触地点在工作单位的密切接触者459名中,无一例转为病例,罹患率为零。结论 密切接触者发病的影响因素与患者接触时间、接触程度与频率、接触地点、隔离方式、时间及密切接触者的年龄等有关。SARS的传播途径存在近距离密切接触传播及家庭聚集性感染。科学管理密切接触者是控制SARS疫情蔓延的有效措施。
Objective To understand the risk factors for the close contacts of SARS. Methods The retrospective epidemiological method was used to analyze the existing epidemic situation of SARS and the close contact with epidemiological data. SPSS statistical software was used to analyze the existing data. Results Of the 2195 close contacts in 5 districts and counties in Beijing, 138 cases were classified as having an attack rate of 6.3%. And cases of colleagues, students relationship, the attack rate was only 0.36%. The highest incidence rate was 15.33% among the close contacts of domestic workers and 31.71% of the close contacts at home and in the hospital, and 0.77% of the close contacts at school. Of the 459 close contacts in the workplace, none of the contacts were converted to cases with an attack rate of zero. Conclusion The incidence of close contact with the impact of factors such as contact time, contact with the frequency and frequency of exposure, isolation, time and close contact with the age and so on. SARS transmission exists in close contact with transmission and family aggregation of infection. Scientific management of close contacts is to control the spread of SARS effective measures.