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目的分析某三甲综合医院恶性肿瘤住院患者的流行病学特征,为恶性肿瘤防治工作提供依据。方法利用医院信息化系统,提取某院2012年至2016年恶性肿瘤住院患者病案首页信息,对恶性肿瘤住院患者的主要疾病构成及其性别、年龄分组构成进行统计分析。结果 5年间首次诊治的恶性肿瘤患者9168例,其中男性5384例,占58.73%,女性3784例,占41.27%,男女之比为1.42:1。恶性肿瘤住院患者的前10位疾病构成分别为:支气管和肺恶性肿瘤、胃恶性肿瘤、食管恶性肿瘤、肝和肝内胆管恶性肿瘤、结直肠恶性肿瘤、白血病、乳腺恶性肿瘤、宫颈恶性肿瘤、甲状腺恶性肿瘤和淋巴瘤,占全部恶性肿瘤住院患者的81.51%。男性患者前3位的恶性肿瘤依次为胃恶性肿瘤、食管恶性肿瘤、支气管和肺恶性肿瘤;女性患者前3位的恶性肿瘤依次为乳腺恶性肿瘤、宫颈恶性肿瘤、支气管和肺恶性肿瘤。肿瘤发病的年龄段有所差异,主要集中在45岁~64岁年龄段,占患者总数的48.63%。结论恶性肿瘤住院患者疾病构成存在性别年龄差异,应结合实际,因地制宜的开展肿瘤三级预防,减少恶性肿瘤的发病。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of inpatients with malignant tumors in a tertiary general hospital and provide the basis for the prevention and treatment of malignant tumors. Methods The hospital information system was used to extract the first page information of inpatients with malignant tumors in a hospital from 2012 to 2016. The main diseases of inpatients with malignant tumors and their gender and age groups were statistically analyzed. Results There were 9,168 cases of malignant tumors diagnosed for the first time in 5 years, of which 5384 were male, accounting for 58.73% and 3784 were female, accounting for 41.27%. The ratio of male to female was 1.42: 1. The top 10 diseases of inpatients with malignant tumors are bronchial and pulmonary malignancies, gastric malignancies, esophageal malignancies, liver and intrahepatic bile duct malignancies, colorectal malignancies, leukemias, breast malignancies, cervical malignancies, Thyroid malignancies and lymphomas, accounting for 81.51% of all malignant inpatients. The top three malignant tumors in men were gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, bronchial and lung cancer, and the top three malignant tumors in women were breast cancer, cervical cancer, bronchial cancer and lung cancer. There are differences in the age of cancer incidence, mainly in the 45 to 64 age group, accounting for 48.63% of the total number of patients. Conclusion There are gender differences in the age, sex and age of inpatients with malignant tumor. Third-level prevention of tumor should be carried out according to local conditions and the incidence of malignant tumor should be reduced.