新生儿特发性呼吸窘迫综合征Idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome(下称IRDS),是一个临床诊断名称,指生后不久出现进行性呼吸困难、三凹、青紫和呼吸衰竭,12～72小时病情达高峰。病理以肺泡壁及细支气管壁上附有嗜伊红性透明膜和肺不张为特点,故亦称新生儿肺透明膜病。近年来认为本病的发生与早产低体重儿的肺不成熟、肺表面活性物质缺乏有关。因此,也称本病为未成熟肺及肺表面活性物质缺乏病。其发病多见于 Neonatal Idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS), a clinical diagnostic name, refers to progressive dyspnea, cramps, bruising and respiratory failure shortly after birth with a peak in 12 to 72 hours . Pathology to the alveolar wall and the bronchial wall with eosinophilic red transparent film and atelectasis is characterized, it is also known as neonatal hyaline membrane disease. In recent years, the incidence of this disease and immature premature low birth weight infants, pulmonary surfactant deficiencies. Therefore, also known as the disease is immature lung and lung surfactant lack of disease. Its incidence more common in