目的　调查海口市 3～ 6岁儿童弱视患病率 ,为弱视的防治提供客观依据。方法　对海口市 3～ 6岁的 83 2 6名儿童进行视力调查 ,将裸眼视力低于 1 0列为视力低常。对视力低常和有斜视者进行散瞳验光 ,将眼部无器质性病变 ,无斜视 ,双眼矫正视力平衡 ,而 4～ 5岁矫正远视力在 0 6～0 8之间 ,3岁在 0 5～ 0 8之间 ,且屈光度 <+ 2 2 5D者定为可疑弱视。将眼部无器质性病变而矫正远视力低于上述标准者定为弱视。结果　视力低常率为 12 83 % ,可疑弱视发生率为 0 81% ,弱视患病率为 2 0 2 %。视力低常和可疑弱视的病因以屈光不正为主 ,弱视病因以屈光不正和斜视为主。初次诊断弱视者为 90 48%。结论　海口市 3～ 6岁儿童弱视的患病率与全国平均水平相符 ,但漏诊、漏治情况相当严重 ,应对其产生的严重后果有足够认识 ,早期治疗弱视患儿 Objective To investigate the prevalence of amblyopia in children aged 3 ~ 6 years in Haikou and provide an objective basis for the prevention and treatment of amblyopia. Methods A total of 83 2 6 children aged 3 ~ 6 years old in Haikou City were investigated by visual acuity. The uncorrected visual acuity was less than 10%. Of low vision and strabismus for mydriatic optometry, the eye without organic disease, no strabismus, binocular correction of visual acuity, and 4 to 5 years of correction of distant vision between 0 6 ~ 0 8, 3 years old in the 0 5 ~ 0 8 between, and diopter <+2 2 5D were suspected as amblyopia. The eye without organic disease and correction of far vision than the above criteria as amblyopia. Results The low visual acuity rate was 12 83%, the prevalence of suspected amblyopia was 0 81%, and the prevalence of amblyopia was 202%. Low vision and suspicious amblyopia of the main cause of refractive errors, amblyopia due to refractive errors and strabismus. The first diagnosis of amblyopia was 90 48%. Conclusions The prevalence of amblyopia in children aged 3-6 years in Haikou City is in line with the national average, but the misdiagnosis and missed treatment are quite serious. There should be sufficient knowledge of the serious consequences of this treatment. Early treatment of children with amblyopia