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目的探索四川峨眉地区黄连根茎生物量及生物碱类成分的动态变化规律,确定最佳采收期,为黄连药材GAP规范化种植和质量控制提供理论依据。方法以峨眉黄连GAP基地为观测对象定点采样,采用称重法测定黄连根茎生物量,采用PR-HPLC法对基地不同生长年限、不同采收季节黄连根茎中各生物碱的含量进行测定。结果随着黄连生长年限的增加,根茎干重在不断增加,2~3年是根茎重量大幅度提高期。在一年中根茎干重和生物碱含量随季节和生育期的不同有较大起伏,3~4月花期结实期根茎折干率最低,生物碱含量也降低,10~12月根茎坚实、折干率高,生物碱含量也相对较高。结论四川峨眉地区黄连在移栽后4~5年的10月~12月间采收较为合适,为黄连药材GAP规范化种植提供了理论依据。
Objective To explore the dynamic changes of rhizome biomass and alkaloids contents in the roots of Coptis chinensis in the Emei area of Sichuan Province, and to determine the optimal harvest time. It provides a theoretical basis for the standardized cultivation and quality control of Coptis chinensis. Methods The sample was taken from GAP base of Emei Huanglian. The rhizome biomass of Coptis chinensis was determined by weighing method. The content of alkaloids in rhizomes of Coptis chinensis was determined by PR-HPLC at different growth stages and different harvesting seasons. Results With the growth of Coptis growth, root dry weight is increasing, 2 to 3 years is a substantial increase in the weight of rhizomes. In one year, the dry weight and alkaloid content of rhizome fluctuated greatly with different season and growth period. The dry rate of rhizome was the lowest in the period from April to April, and the alkaloid content was also reduced. Dry rate is high, alkaloids content is relatively high. Conclusions Coptis chinensis from Emei region of Sichuan Province was suitable for harvesting from October to December, four to five years after transplanting, which provided a theoretical basis for the standardized cultivation of Coptis chinensis.