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目的：探讨磷脂在胃粘液屏障中的作用。方法：观察正常及０．６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ盐酸损伤组大鼠胃粘液层的磷脂含量及超微结构；观察正常对照、盐酸损伤、外源性磷脂保护组大鼠胃粘膜经０．６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ盐酸损伤后的溃疡。结果：损伤后，大鼠胃粘膜表面粘液凝胶层中总磷脂明显减少（Ｐ＜０．０１）。外源性双饱和卵磷脂混悬液使０．６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ盐酸所致的胃粘膜溃疡指数和溃疡面积与胃粘膜总面积之比值变小（Ｐ＜０．０１）。电镜细胞化学研究发现，正常大鼠胃表面上皮覆有含磷脂的粘液凝胶层，而腺上皮表面亦有薄层磷脂覆盖。盐酸损伤后表面粘液层中磷脂结构破坏、缺失。此外，还发现粘液层缺失部位在损伤后１ｈ时已由磷脂形成的结构所覆盖。结论：磷脂在胃粘液层中与粘蛋白等其他成分一起或单独形成结构，阻碍胃腔内Ｈ＋逆弥散，构成胃粘液屏障作用。
Objective: To investigate the role of phospholipids in gastric mucus barrier. Methods: The phospholipid content and ultrastructure of gastric mucosa in normal and 0.6mol / L hydrochloric acid injured groups were observed. The normal control and hydrochloric acid injury were observed. The gastric mucosa of exogenous phospholipid protection group were treated with 0.6mol / L hydrochloric acid After the injury ulcer. Results: After injury, the total phospholipid in the mucus gel layer of gastric mucosa was significantly decreased (P <0.01). The exogenous double-saturated lecithin suspension decreased the ratio of gastric mucosal ulcer index, ulcer area and gastric mucosal area caused by 0.6mol / L hydrochloric acid (P <0.01). Electron microscopy cytochemistry study found that the normal rat gastric epithelial covered with phospholipid mucus gel layer, and glandular epithelial surface is also covered with thin layer of phospholipids. After the hydrochloric acid damage, the phospholipid structure in the surface mucus layer is destroyed and absent. In addition, it was also found that the muco-layer-deficient site had been covered by the phospholipid-forming structure at 1 h after injury. CONCLUSION: Phospholipids, together with other components such as mucin and other components in the gastric mucus layer, form a structure that hinders the H + anti-dispersion in the gastric cavity and constitutes a gastric mucus barrier.