清朝宫廷礼仪多如牛毛,其中以君臣之礼为最要最大。从王公大臣到周边外国使节,凡有陛见皇帝者,均须遵行三跪九叩首的跪拜大礼。若有违拗,是为不敬,就犯了杀头之罪。无奈西洋人不吃这一套。在他们看,跪拜有辱人格尊严,只愿脱帽鞠躬,以示礼貌。大清国的皇帝、官员与西洋使节,为行 The court etiquette of the Qing Dynasty is superficial, with the most important being the ceremony of the monarch and court. From the princes to the foreign envoys around the country, anyone who has seen imperial princes must observe the kowtow ceremony, which knelt at the knees and kowtow. If there is a contradiction, it is disrespectful and guilty of beheading. Westerner do not eat this set of helplessness. In their view, kneeling degrading dignity, only bow to bow to show courtesy. The Qing emperor, officials and Western diplomats, for the trip