目的:探讨儿童活体肝移植(LDLT)术后门静脉狭窄(PVS)发生的危险因素，为临床防治PVS提供依据。方法:回顾性分析429例儿童LDLT的临床资料，通过单因素及多因素分析筛选出LDLT术后发生PVS的危险因素。方法回顾性分析429例儿童LDLT的临床资料，通过单因素及多因素分析筛选出LDLT术后发生PVS的危险因素。结果:本组429例LDLT病例中，LDLT术后PVS总体发生率为6.8%(29/429)，首次发生PVS的中位时间为3个月(7 d～14个月)。通过单因素分析显示：性别(n P＝0.039)、术中门脉多次吻合(n P＝0.000)、置入间置血管(n P＝0.003)及术中门脉血栓形成(n P＝0.000)与LDLT术后PVS的发生相关。通过多变量分析显示：受者性别(n P＝0.019)、术中门脉血栓形成(n P＝0.000)是引起LDLT术后门脉狭窄的危险因素。n 结论:男性患儿、术中门脉血栓形成是儿童LDLT术后发生PVS的危险因素。对于存在以上危险因素的受者在术后随访复查中，尤须重视PVS的筛查，做到及时发现及时处理，以降低受者因PVS导致移植失败的风险。“,”Objective:This article discussed the risk factors of portal vein stenosis (PVS) after living liver transplantation (LDLT) so as to provide rationales for clinical prevention and treatment of PVS in children.Methods:The clinical data of 429 pediatric LDLT were retrospectively analyzed and the risk factors of PVS post-LDLT screened by univariate and multivariate analyses.Results:Among them, the overall incidence of PVS post-LDLT was 6.8% (29/429) and the median time of its initial diagnosis3 months (7 days to 14 months). Univariate analysis revealed that recipient's gender (n P=0.039), intraoperative portal vein anastomosis (n P=0.000), portal vein reconstruction with vein graft (n P=0.003) and intraoperative portal vein thrombosis (n P=0.000) were correlated with the occurrence of PVS post-LDLT. Multivariate analysis indicated that recipient's gender (n P=0.019) and intraoperative portal vein thrombosis (n P=0.000) were the risk factors for portal stenosis post-LDLT.n Conclusions:Male and intraoperative portal vein thrombosis are risk factors for PVS after pediatric LDLT. For recipients with the above-mentioned risk factors, during postoperative follow-ups, special attention must be paid to the screening of PVS. Thus timely detection and prompt treatment are implemented for lowering the risk of LDLT failure due to PVS.