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摘要 对赣州市森源科技种苗场引种的信宜县林科所马尾松种子园种子、台山红岭种子园改良代湿地松良种和杂交松良种3个良种种子,在赣州市森源科技种苗场大田育苗的1年苗期生长量进行调查。结果表明:杂交松良种的大田育苗1年苗期生长最好,苗高达到31.380 0 cm,与马尾松和湿地松存在较大差异,且杂交松的苗高生长与湿地松良种比较差异达极显著;在地径生长方面,杂交松苗期的地径生长量最大,为0.427 9 cm,要好于湿地松,二者差异不显著,但均明显好于马尾松的幼苗苗期地径生长量,差异极显著。综合来看,3个松类良种大田育苗1年苗期生长在赣南地区表现最好的是杂交松良种,其次是湿地松良种,表现较差的是马尾松良种。
关键词 马尾松;湿地松;杂交松;良种;大田育苗;苗期生长量
中圖分类号 S791.24 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-5739(2016)22-0126-02
Abstract That Pinus massoniana seed from Xinyi County Forestry Institute,Pinus elliottii and Pinus elliottii×P.caribaea improved variety from Taishan Hongling Seed Garden were compared and studied by planting in the Seedlings Garden of Sen Yuan Technology in Ganzhou.The survey results of annual seedling growth of 3 improved varieties showed that the seedling height of Pinus elliottii×P.caribaea was 31.380 0 cm which was the best.There was a great difference compared Pinus massoniana with Pinus elliottii.There were very significant differences in levels that the comparison of Pinus elliottii× P.caribaea with Pinus elliottii in the seedling height.In the ground diameter,Pinus elliottii×P.caribaea was 0.427 9 cm,better than that of Pinus elliottii,but there was no significant difference.There were very significant differences in levels that the comparison of Pinus elliottii× P.caribaea and Pinus elliottii with Pinus massoniana.In summary,the seedling growth performance of Pinus elliottii× P.caribaea improved variety was the best,followed by Pinus elliottii improved variety and the worst performance was the Pinus massoniana improved variety.
Key words Pinus massoniana;Pinus elliottii;Pinus elliottii×P.caribaea;improved variety;cultivation of seedling;seeding growth
馬尾松(Pinus massoniana Lamb.)产于我国南部,是松树中分布较广、数量较多的主要速生用材树种,为长江流域以南重要的荒山造林树种[1-2]。湿地松(Pinus elliottii Engelm-ann)原产美国东南部,有速生、丰产、质优、工业用途广、适应性强等特点,是优良的松科树种[3-4]。江西省20世纪70年代初大面积引种湿地松,对加速全省荒山绿化、促进林业发展、改善生态环境起到了一定的作用。杂交松为湿加松,是指湿地松(Pinus elliottii Engelmann)与加勒比松(Pinus carib-aea Morelet)的杂交后代[5]。澳大利亚于1955年开展了湿地松×洪都拉斯加勒比松杂交育种研究,是目前开展湿加松杂交育种研究最早、成绩最突出的国家,澳大利亚现已大面积采用湿加松造林并取得成功[6]。我国自20世纪50年代以来,逐步加大了对各类松树良种的引种栽培工作,相关的生长对比试验工作常见于报道,1996年福建省国有林场管理局从美国引进了火炬松一代种子园优良家系21个,选择了国内火炬松家系4个、湿地松家系1个,以马尾松种子园种子作为对照,在全省布点建立了家系子代测定林[7]。20世纪70—80年代,广东省湛江市林科所开展了湿地松与加勒比松的杂交育种工作,并初步证实湿加松杂种优势的存在,2003 年以来,对湿地松林的生物量进行了初步研究并做了报道[8-9]。而关于这3个松类良种幼苗期生长情况的比较试验研究较少见相关报道,本试验对赣南地区引种的3个松类良种大田播种育苗1年苗期生长情况进行初步的调查探讨,为赣南地区松类良种引种及其苗期生长提供参考。
1 材料与方法
1.1 试验地概况
试验地位于安远县牛犬山林场种子园工区赣州市森源科技种苗场苗圃地,地处东经115°09′~115°37′,北纬24°52′~25°36′,年平均气温18.7 ℃,年降雨量1 612.8 mm,无霜期282 d,年平均日照时数1 579 h[10]。苗圃地前茬作物是杉木苗木,土壤为壤土,肥力中等,排水尚好。
关键词 马尾松;湿地松;杂交松;良种;大田育苗;苗期生长量
中圖分类号 S791.24 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-5739(2016)22-0126-02
Abstract That Pinus massoniana seed from Xinyi County Forestry Institute,Pinus elliottii and Pinus elliottii×P.caribaea improved variety from Taishan Hongling Seed Garden were compared and studied by planting in the Seedlings Garden of Sen Yuan Technology in Ganzhou.The survey results of annual seedling growth of 3 improved varieties showed that the seedling height of Pinus elliottii×P.caribaea was 31.380 0 cm which was the best.There was a great difference compared Pinus massoniana with Pinus elliottii.There were very significant differences in levels that the comparison of Pinus elliottii× P.caribaea with Pinus elliottii in the seedling height.In the ground diameter,Pinus elliottii×P.caribaea was 0.427 9 cm,better than that of Pinus elliottii,but there was no significant difference.There were very significant differences in levels that the comparison of Pinus elliottii× P.caribaea and Pinus elliottii with Pinus massoniana.In summary,the seedling growth performance of Pinus elliottii× P.caribaea improved variety was the best,followed by Pinus elliottii improved variety and the worst performance was the Pinus massoniana improved variety.
Key words Pinus massoniana;Pinus elliottii;Pinus elliottii×P.caribaea;improved variety;cultivation of seedling;seeding growth
馬尾松(Pinus massoniana Lamb.)产于我国南部,是松树中分布较广、数量较多的主要速生用材树种,为长江流域以南重要的荒山造林树种[1-2]。湿地松(Pinus elliottii Engelm-ann)原产美国东南部,有速生、丰产、质优、工业用途广、适应性强等特点,是优良的松科树种[3-4]。江西省20世纪70年代初大面积引种湿地松,对加速全省荒山绿化、促进林业发展、改善生态环境起到了一定的作用。杂交松为湿加松,是指湿地松(Pinus elliottii Engelmann)与加勒比松(Pinus carib-aea Morelet)的杂交后代[5]。澳大利亚于1955年开展了湿地松×洪都拉斯加勒比松杂交育种研究,是目前开展湿加松杂交育种研究最早、成绩最突出的国家,澳大利亚现已大面积采用湿加松造林并取得成功[6]。我国自20世纪50年代以来,逐步加大了对各类松树良种的引种栽培工作,相关的生长对比试验工作常见于报道,1996年福建省国有林场管理局从美国引进了火炬松一代种子园优良家系21个,选择了国内火炬松家系4个、湿地松家系1个,以马尾松种子园种子作为对照,在全省布点建立了家系子代测定林[7]。20世纪70—80年代,广东省湛江市林科所开展了湿地松与加勒比松的杂交育种工作,并初步证实湿加松杂种优势的存在,2003 年以来,对湿地松林的生物量进行了初步研究并做了报道[8-9]。而关于这3个松类良种幼苗期生长情况的比较试验研究较少见相关报道,本试验对赣南地区引种的3个松类良种大田播种育苗1年苗期生长情况进行初步的调查探讨,为赣南地区松类良种引种及其苗期生长提供参考。
1 材料与方法
1.1 试验地概况
试验地位于安远县牛犬山林场种子园工区赣州市森源科技种苗场苗圃地,地处东经115°09′~115°37′,北纬24°52′~25°36′,年平均气温18.7 ℃,年降雨量1 612.8 mm,无霜期282 d,年平均日照时数1 579 h[10]。苗圃地前茬作物是杉木苗木,土壤为壤土,肥力中等,排水尚好。