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爱伦·坡是19世纪美国著名小说家,其成就不仅体现在小说与诗歌的创作中,在文艺理论方面,也颇有建树,其中最具独创性的便是“统一效果论”。在这一理论中,坡指出作品的效果和气氛要达到统一,这样才能更好地实现艺术效果,调动读者的情绪。《提前埋葬》是坡的短篇小说,是一篇能准确反映坡对自己创作理论实践情况的作品。本文从恐怖气氛的营造、人称与叙事角度的选用、布局谋篇三方面,分析统一效果论在小说中的实践。
Ellen Poe is a famous American novelist in the 19th century. His achievements are reflected not only in the creation of novels and poems, but also in the literary theory. The most original of these is the “theory of unified effects”. In this theory, Poe pointed out that the effects and atmosphere of the work should be unified so that the artistic effect can be better realized and the mood of the readers can be mobilized. “Early Burial” is a short story by Po, a work that accurately reflects the practice of Slope on his theory of creation. This article analyzes the practice of the unified effect theory in novels from three aspects: the creation of terror atmosphere, the selection of person and narrative point of view, and the layout of articles.