论文部分内容阅读
新疆自西汉神爵二年(前60年)正式纳入中国版图,两千多年来,历代中央政权在此设官建置、戍边垦殖,行使国家主权,进行有效管辖。其行政管辖区域,随着中国国力的盛衰和对外控制力的强弱有所变化,但核心区域始终包括今新疆政区,即天山南北广大地区。至清乾隆、嘉庆时期,新疆历史行政区域最终定型为包括巴尔喀什湖以东以南、南括葱岭、北抵金山、东接甘肃青海的广大地区。这是自西汉以来中国西北疆域发展演变的历史结果。清末,俄国通过一系列不平等条约和侵略手段,割占中国西北边疆50多万平方千米的土地,新疆行政区域大为缩小,政治中心亦由伊犁东迁迪化(乌鲁木齐)。民国时期,新疆行政区域最终固定下来,延续至今。
In the two years since the Western Han Dynasty (60 years ago), Xinjiang was formally incorporated into the territory of China. For more than two thousand years, the Central Government in the previous dynasties set up an official here, cleared up land for cultivation, exercised state sovereignty, and exercised effective jurisdiction. In its administrative jurisdiction, with the rise and fall of China’s national strength and the strength of its foreign control power, the core region has always included the present Xinjiang political region, that is, the vast north-south Tianshan Mountains. To the Qing Emperor Qianlong, Jiaqing period, the final shape of historical and administrative areas in Xinjiang, including Lake Balkhash south of the island to the south, including Cong Ling, north of Jinshan, east of Gansu Qinghai vast areas. This is the historical result of the evolution of the development of northwestern China’s territory since the Western Han Dynasty. In the late Qing Dynasty, Russia adopted a series of unequal treaties and means of aggression to seize more than 500,000 square kilometers of land in the northwestern frontier of China. The administrative area of Xinjiang greatly reduced and the political center was also moved to Dihua (Urumqi) by the east of Yili. During the period of Republic of China, the administrative area of Xinjiang finally settled down and continued till today.