产能过剩一直是近年来中国产业发展的“痼疾”。当前中国制造业面临的产能过剩已经十分严峻,中国式的产能过剩已不仅仅是周期性因素所致,制度性困扰更是问题症结。因此,如果仅靠政府调控,只能在短期内使问题有所缓解,若要最终化解产能过剩问题,还需回到党的十八届三中全会决定以市场对资源配置起决定性作用的原则上来,坚持依靠经济增长方式的转变,改变GDP挂帅的地方官员提拔体系,加快完善市场体制和机制的改革,进一步放开市场准入,严格破产退出制度,理顺市场价格体系和定价机制,从而有利于发挥市场竞争优胜劣汰作用等等。正如经济学家熊彼特经典理论所言,中国若要走出产能过剩困境,或不可避免地需要迎接一场“创造性破坏”。 Overcapacity has always been the cause of industrial development in China in recent years. At present, China’s manufacturing industry is facing a severe overcapacity. The Chinese-style overcapacity has been caused not only by cyclical factors but also by institutional problems. Therefore, if the government relies solely on regulation, it will only ease the problem in the short term. To finally resolve the problem of overcapacity, we still need to go back to the principle that the decision of the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Party to play a decisive role in the allocation of resources Upholding the transformation of the mode of economic growth, changing the promotion system of local officials in charge of GDP, accelerating the reform of the market system and mechanism, further liberalizing market access, strictly abolishing the system of bankruptcy, rationalizing the market price system and the pricing mechanism, Will help play the role of the survival of the fittest market competition and so on. As the economist Schumpeterian classic theory puts it, if China is to get out of the plight of excess capacity, it will inevitably need to meet a “creative destruction.”