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研究近年高考试题,我们很难“想象”imagine一词在高考试题中如此频繁地出现。只要稍作总结,其实,“想象”一词并不难。动词imagine是及物动词,后续宾语,宾语形式多样,用法复杂,此乃高考考点所在。
一、后续从句作宾语
1. that从句
【例1】—Look! He’s running so fast!
—Hard to ____ his legs were once broken.
A. know B. imagine C. realize D. find
分析:B。此题考查动词词义辨析。动词imagine表惊讶、惊奇,常置于否定句中,后续that从句时表示对所发生之事难以想象。再如:
You can’t imagine that a well?鄄behaved gentleman should be so rude to a lady.
2. what从句
【例2】You can’t imagine what difficulty we had _________ home in the snowstorm.
A. walked B. walk C. to walk D. walking
分析:D。此题考查非谓语动词和定语从句先行词的认知。imagine为及物动词,后续what引导的名词性从句作宾语。短语have difficulty in doing something表“干什么事有困难”,介词in可以省略。difficulty被提前充当定语从句we had walking home in the snowstorm的先行词。
3. how从句
【例3】____ you’ve tried it,you can’t imagine how pleasant it is.
A. Unless B. Because C. Although D. When
分析:A。此题考查关联词。依据句意分析,前后表示条件关系,故选择A项。动词imagine后续how引起的宾语从句,表示惊讶。
二、后续复合宾语
1. imagine+sb’s / sb / oneself+doing(动作)
imagine后续复合宾语可以是动词?鄄ing形式的复合结构,格外注意动词?鄄ing形式复合结构作宾语时逻辑主语的构成,其主语可以采用物主代词、代词宾格以及反身代词形式。
【例4】It is difficult to imagine his ____________ the decision without any consideration.
A. accept B. accepting C. to accept D. accepted
分析:B。此题考查非谓语动词。imagine后续复合宾语,动词?鄄ing形式的逻辑主语为his。
2. imagine+sb/oneself+ to be(状态)
imagine后续复合宾语可以是动词不定式to be 的复合结构,be后多为形容词、名词或短语介词等,to be 亦可省略。
【例5】My grandma still treats me like a child. She can’t imagine ____ grown up.
A. my B. mine C.myself D. me
分析:D。此题考查不定式复合结构的逻辑主语的构成。imagine后续不定式的复合结构作宾语,据代词指代一致考虑排除反身形式,故选用宾格形式;补语grown up为动词?鄄ed形式,相当于形容词,其前省略了to be。
三、后续动词?鄄ing形式作宾语
1. imagine+doing
动词imagine后续动词?鄄ing形式作宾语,不可接不定式作宾语。
【例6】—There is a story here in the paper about a 110?鄄year?鄄old man.
—My goodness! I can’t imagine ______ that old.
A. to be B. to have been C. being D. having been
分析:C。此题考查非谓语动词。imagine后续动词?鄄ing形式作宾语,故排除选项A和B;动作无完成之意,不使用完成时。
2. 排除毗邻假象干扰
【例7】This is the only way we can imagine _____ the overuse of water in students' bathrooms. (2010上海卷)
A. reducing B. to reduce C. reduced D. reduce
分析:B。考查非谓语动词。此题极易受毗邻假象干扰误选A项,句法分析是解题关键。句意:这是我们能想象到的解决学生寝室水浪费的唯一办法。we can imagine为定语从句,the only way为先行词,不定式to reduce作后置定语。
四、其他
1. 用作插入语
表料想、以为,用法同think\suppose\guess等。
【例8】_______ be your future occupation?
A. What do you imagine B. What do you imagine will
C. What will you imagine D. What you imagine
分析:B。此题考查句式匹配。do you imagine相当于do you think,可用作插入成分。
2. 构成交际用语
just imagine 表惊叹。
【例9】—He dyed his hair bright yellow. _____
—I feel astonished too.
A. How come? B. So what? C. Just imagine! D. Guess what!
分析:C。此题考查交际用语。“他把他的头发染成艳黄色,真不可思议。”
编辑/梁宇清
一、后续从句作宾语
1. that从句
【例1】—Look! He’s running so fast!
—Hard to ____ his legs were once broken.
A. know B. imagine C. realize D. find
分析:B。此题考查动词词义辨析。动词imagine表惊讶、惊奇,常置于否定句中,后续that从句时表示对所发生之事难以想象。再如:
You can’t imagine that a well?鄄behaved gentleman should be so rude to a lady.
2. what从句
【例2】You can’t imagine what difficulty we had _________ home in the snowstorm.
A. walked B. walk C. to walk D. walking
分析:D。此题考查非谓语动词和定语从句先行词的认知。imagine为及物动词,后续what引导的名词性从句作宾语。短语have difficulty in doing something表“干什么事有困难”,介词in可以省略。difficulty被提前充当定语从句we had walking home in the snowstorm的先行词。
3. how从句
【例3】____ you’ve tried it,you can’t imagine how pleasant it is.
A. Unless B. Because C. Although D. When
分析:A。此题考查关联词。依据句意分析,前后表示条件关系,故选择A项。动词imagine后续how引起的宾语从句,表示惊讶。
二、后续复合宾语
1. imagine+sb’s / sb / oneself+doing(动作)
imagine后续复合宾语可以是动词?鄄ing形式的复合结构,格外注意动词?鄄ing形式复合结构作宾语时逻辑主语的构成,其主语可以采用物主代词、代词宾格以及反身代词形式。
【例4】It is difficult to imagine his ____________ the decision without any consideration.
A. accept B. accepting C. to accept D. accepted
分析:B。此题考查非谓语动词。imagine后续复合宾语,动词?鄄ing形式的逻辑主语为his。
2. imagine+sb/oneself+ to be(状态)
imagine后续复合宾语可以是动词不定式to be 的复合结构,be后多为形容词、名词或短语介词等,to be 亦可省略。
【例5】My grandma still treats me like a child. She can’t imagine ____ grown up.
A. my B. mine C.myself D. me
分析:D。此题考查不定式复合结构的逻辑主语的构成。imagine后续不定式的复合结构作宾语,据代词指代一致考虑排除反身形式,故选用宾格形式;补语grown up为动词?鄄ed形式,相当于形容词,其前省略了to be。
三、后续动词?鄄ing形式作宾语
1. imagine+doing
动词imagine后续动词?鄄ing形式作宾语,不可接不定式作宾语。
【例6】—There is a story here in the paper about a 110?鄄year?鄄old man.
—My goodness! I can’t imagine ______ that old.
A. to be B. to have been C. being D. having been
分析:C。此题考查非谓语动词。imagine后续动词?鄄ing形式作宾语,故排除选项A和B;动作无完成之意,不使用完成时。
2. 排除毗邻假象干扰
【例7】This is the only way we can imagine _____ the overuse of water in students' bathrooms. (2010上海卷)
A. reducing B. to reduce C. reduced D. reduce
分析:B。考查非谓语动词。此题极易受毗邻假象干扰误选A项,句法分析是解题关键。句意:这是我们能想象到的解决学生寝室水浪费的唯一办法。we can imagine为定语从句,the only way为先行词,不定式to reduce作后置定语。
四、其他
1. 用作插入语
表料想、以为,用法同think\suppose\guess等。
【例8】_______ be your future occupation?
A. What do you imagine B. What do you imagine will
C. What will you imagine D. What you imagine
分析:B。此题考查句式匹配。do you imagine相当于do you think,可用作插入成分。
2. 构成交际用语
just imagine 表惊叹。
【例9】—He dyed his hair bright yellow. _____
—I feel astonished too.
A. How come? B. So what? C. Just imagine! D. Guess what!
分析:C。此题考查交际用语。“他把他的头发染成艳黄色,真不可思议。”
编辑/梁宇清