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本文对大厂矿长坡锡矿1960～1974年井下接尘的工人进行了一次回顾性定群研究。研究队列共1113人,贡献人年26780。观察期间死于肺癌45人,与全国、上海人口比较,SMR分别为2184和519。以累计接尘量作定量评价的结果表明,工人吸入的矿尘与肺癌发病呈明显的剂量—反应关系。用对数线性模型拟合接尘量与吸烟量对肺癌发病的作用,发现接尘量与吸烟量同时引入模型后拟合优度最佳。控制吸烟因素后,不同累计接尘量水平对肺癌发病的相对危险度逐次为4.18、5.20、13.01、16.07;控制接尘量后,不同吸烟量的相对危险度分别为1.74、4.19,接尘量与吸烟量及肺癌发病危险度都呈现剂量—反应关系,表明接尘和吸烟同时为肺癌发病的危险因子。
In this paper, we conducted a retrospective cohort study on workers who dug down the mine from 1960 to 1974, A total of 1113 research cohort, contributing 26780 person-years. During the observation period, 45 people died of lung cancer and compared with the population in the whole country and Shanghai, the SMRs were 2184 and 519 respectively. The quantitative evaluation of cumulative dust exposure showed that there was a clear dose-response relationship between mine dust inhaled by workers and the incidence of lung cancer. The logarithm linear model was used to fit the effect of dust-collecting amount and smoking amount on the incidence of lung cancer. It was found that the goodness of fit was the best when the dust-collecting amount and smoking amount were introduced into the model. After controlling the smoking factors, the relative risks of different accumulated dust levels on the incidence of lung cancer were 4.18,5.20,13.01,16.07, respectively. The relative risks of different smoking levels were 1.74 and 4.19 respectively, Dose-response relationship with the amount of smoking and the risk of lung cancer, indicating that dust exposure and smoking are both risk factors for the development of lung cancer.