论文部分内容阅读
目的通过对2011年发生在辽宁省的一起人间皮肤炭疽暴发疫情的流行病学调查,探讨炭疽疫情的流行特征和传播特点,为防控措施提供依据。方法采用现况调查方法,绘制传播链,分析致病因素。结果暴发疫情的流行期为23d,排查39 610人,医学观察158人,同源确诊病例33例,病例分布于12个自然村和2个管理区,男女发病比为5.6∶1,病例最小16岁,最大67岁,年龄分布集中在30～49岁之间,占78.7%,职业以农民为主,占84.8%,病例感染过程中可见清晰的传播链。结论本次暴发是一起有关联的、不同地点暴露引发的人间皮肤炭疽疫情,发病动物是人炭疽的主要传染源,屠宰病死家畜或接触病死畜肉是感染的主要原因,农民是炭疽感染的高危人群。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of anthrax epidemic and its transmission characteristics in an epidemiological investigation of an outbreak of human skin anthrax in Liaoning Province in 2011 and provide a basis for prevention and control measures. Methods The status survey method was used to draw the transmission chain and analyze the risk factors. Results The prevalence of the outbreak was 23 days, 39 610 people were investigated, 158 were medical observation, and 33 cases were diagnosed by homology. The cases were distributed in 12 villages and 2 management areas with a ratio of 5.6 to 1 for men and women and 16 years , A maximum of 67 years of age, the age distribution concentrated in the 30 to 49 years old, accounting for 78.7%, occupations mainly farmers, accounting for 84.8%, the case of infection can be seen clearly in the transmission chain. Conclusions This outbreak is an outbreak of human skin anthrax caused by exposure to different places. The animals are the main source of human anthrax. Slaughtering dead animals or contacting dead animals is the main reason for infection. Farmers are at risk of anthrax infection .