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中国“以农补工、以乡保城”的制度化模式形成了我国特有的城乡二元经济体制,由于城市和农村产业的劳动分工不同,城镇与农村居民在教育、公共服务、就业等方面存在较大的差异。我国在经济发展的三大拉动因素中,消费的效应相对较小,城乡居民的收入差距和消费差距成为制约经济发展的掣肘。孔祥利等(2013年)认为只有缩小城乡居民消费差距,才能快速提升国内居民的消费需求,完成消费结构的升级,最终实现中国经济的可持续发展。
In China, “a system of agricultural subsidies to rural security” has formed a unique dual urban-rural economic system in our country. Due to the different division of labor between urban and rural industries, urban and rural residents have a lot of problems in education, public service and employment There are big differences in other aspects. Among the three major stimulus factors in China’s economic development, the effect of consumption is relatively small. The income gap between urban and rural residents and the consumption gap have become the constraints to economic development. Kong Xiangli et al. (2013) argue that only by narrowing the gap between urban and rural residents in consumption can we rapidly raise the consumption demand of domestic residents, complete the upgrading of the consumption structure and eventually achieve the sustainable development of China’s economy.