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四十年前晶体管的发明被人们看作是电子学领域中的一场革命,它预示着人类新一代文化的开始。至于这场革命的深刻性广泛性当时并没有人作出具体的预言。因为微电子是一门综合性技术,是与其它学科的发展互为依赖的。那时人们只是从晶体管取代真空管,能以体积小、耗电省、寿命长、成本低而必然取胜来推断将产生一场新的变革。如果就此作为目标的话早在廿年前就已经圆满地实现了。现在我们所说的信息革命以及它给人类社会带来的深远意义,四十年前仅仅是一种理想,今天这一理想竟奇迹般地变成了现实。从点接触的
Forty years ago, the invention of transistors was seen as a revolution in the field of electronics. It indicates the beginning of a new generation of human culture. As for the profound breadth of this revolution, no one made concrete predictions. Because microelectronics is a comprehensive technology, it is dependent on the development of other disciplines. At that time, people merely replaced the vacuum tube with a transistor. It can be inferred that there will be a new revolution with small size, low power consumption, long life, and low cost. If this is the goal, it has been successfully realized as early as 20 years ago. The information revolution we are now talking about and the far-reaching significance it has brought to human society was only an ideal forty years ago. Today, this ideal has miraculously turned into a reality. From point contact