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对27份花生种质资源的10个主要农艺性状表现进行了变异和主成分分析。结果表明,单株秕果数、单株结果数、主茎高与单株双仁果数变异系数较大;前4个主成分对变异的累计贡献率达84.98%。根据各种质资源的主成分值判断其表现特点,选出了综合性状比较理想的10份品种作为育种亲本。利用各种质资源的前4个主成分值计算各品种间的遗传距离,按遗传距离大小在D2=3.21水平下将27份种质资源聚类划分为6大类群,其中Ⅱ类群品种数最多(16份),该类群品种综合性状也表现较好,大多可为育种亲本利用或推广种植提供选择。
The main agronomic traits of 27 peanut germplasm resources were analyzed by variance and principal component analysis. The results showed that the coefficients of variation of single fruit number, single fruit number, main stem height and double fruit number per plant were larger. The cumulative contribution of the first four principal components to the variation reached 84.98%. Based on the principal component values of various quality resources, their performance characteristics were judged, and 10 varieties with good comprehensive characters were selected as breeding parents. The genetic distance among cultivars was calculated by using the first four principal component values of various genetic resources. According to the genetic distance, 27 germplasm resources were clustered into 6 groups according to the genetic distance at D2 = 3.21, of which the most (16). The comprehensive traits of this group also performed well, and most of them provided the choice for the breeding parents to use or popularize the planting.