采用血管灌注技术 ,对 4 0例成年 Wistar大鼠肝外门脉系统和侧副循环途径作了系统观察。结果表明 :大鼠脾静脉多为 2条 ,且具有由胃十二指肠静脉、胃冠状静脉与脾静脉合成的胃脾静脉干 ,肠系膜后静脉均汇入到肠系膜前静脉。除食管静脉与直肠下静脉外 ,左肾上腺静脉、精索内静脉或子宫静脉也是门脉高压时门腔侧副循环的重要通道。结扎门脉主干 ,并同步阻断这一侧副循环途径有望复制出理想的大鼠食管静脉曲张模型 The vascular extravasation technique was used to systematically observe the extrahepatic portal system and lateral accessory pathway in 40 adult Wistar rats. The results showed that there were 2 splenic veins in most of the rats and the stem of gastric and spleen was composed of gastroduodenal vein, gastric coronary vein and splenic vein, and the superior mesenteric vein was introduced into the mesenteric vein. In addition to the esophageal and rectal vein, the left adrenal vein, spermatic vein or uterine vein is also an important portal venous collateral circulation pathway. Ligation of the main portal vein, and synchronous blocking this side of the secondary pathway is expected to replicate the ideal rat esophageal varices model