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目的了解云南省农村中小学校饮用水现状,为制定学校饮用水安全措施提供科学依据。方法 2016年对云南省558所农村中小学校进行供水工程相关情况调查及水质检测。结果所调查的学校供水工程水源类型以地面水为主,占64.3%;工程消毒的仅有47.1%;枯水期水质合格率为53.1%,丰水期水质合格率为47.1%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=3.903,P<0.05)。影响水质的主要指标为微生物、浑浊度和肉眼可见物;枯水期菌落总数、总大肠菌群、浑浊度和肉眼可见物,合格率分别为93.5%,61.8%,88.0%和92.8%;丰水期菌落总数、总大肠菌群、浑浊度和肉眼可见物合格率分别为86.9%,58.8%,82.8%,89.8%。结论云南省农村中小学校饮用水卫生状况不容乐观,应引起重视。可通过改善供水设施,提高消毒效果,加强相关知识宣传等措施,保证师生饮水安全。
Objective To understand the status quo of drinking water in rural primary and secondary schools in Yunnan Province and to provide a scientific basis for the development of school drinking water safety measures. Methods In 2016, 558 rural primary and secondary schools in Yunnan Province were investigated for water supply and water quality. Results The types of water supply for the school water supply project surveyed were mainly surface water, accounting for 64.3%, only 47.1% for engineering disinfection, 53.1% for water quality during the dry season, and 47.1% for water quality during the wet season, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 3.903, P <0.05). The main indexes affecting the water quality were microorganisms, turbidity and macroscopic objects. The total number of colony, total coliforms, turbidity and macroscopic matter in dry season were 93.5%, 61.8%, 88.0% and 92.8%, respectively. The wet season The total number of colonies, total coliform bacteria, turbidity and macroscopic passable rate were 86.9%, 58.8%, 82.8%, 89.8% respectively. Conclusion The health status of drinking water in primary and secondary schools in rural areas of Yunnan Province is not optimistic and should be taken seriously. Through the improvement of water supply facilities, improve disinfection, and other related knowledge to enhance publicity and other measures to ensure that teachers and students safe drinking water.