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目的探讨猪高原复合冲击伤的伤情特点。方法将30只猪分为5组,每组各6只,于海拔3 500m处分别复制单纯冲击伤、15%体表面积Ⅱ°烧伤、一侧后肢高速弹片伤、烧冲复合伤和弹冲复合伤模型。用PCB公司生产的压力传感器测定冲击波的物理参数,观察伤后28小时动物活存情况和大体形态学改变。结果单纯烧伤组和单纯弹片伤组动物全部活存,均未见明显形态学改变。单纯冲击伤组可见中度肺出血和轻度肠道浆膜下出血,且动物均全部存活。烧冲复合伤组和弹冲复合伤组肺出血加重,半数动物(3/6)为重度肺出血,同时伴中度肺水肿,肠道未见加重效应。烧冲复合伤组2只动物分别于伤后16、10小时死亡,弹冲复合伤组1只动物于伤后3小时死亡。结论高原复合冲击伤与单纯冲击伤相比,具有伤情更重,死亡率更高的特点,加重效应的器官主要为肺脏,加重的程度大致为一个等级。
Objective To investigate the injury characteristics of complex impact injury in pigs. Methods Thirty pigs were divided into five groups with 6 rats in each group. The animals were individually impacted at an altitude of 3 500m, with a burn injury rate of 15% body surface area of Ⅱ °, high-speed shrapnel injury of the hind limbs, Injury model. The physical parameters of the shock wave were measured by the pressure sensor manufactured by PCB Company. The animal survival and general morphological changes were observed 28 hours after injury. Results The animals in the burn group and the shrapnel group all survived without obvious morphological changes. Simple impact injury group showed moderate pulmonary hemorrhage and mild intestinal subendothelial hemorrhage, and all animals were alive. Burn combined injury group and bled combined injury group increased pulmonary hemorrhage, half animals (3/6) were severe pulmonary hemorrhage, accompanied by moderate pulmonary edema, no increase in the intestinal effects. Two animals in the burn combined injury group died at 16 and 10 hours after injury, respectively. One animal in the group receiving the combined charge and blast injury died 3 hours after the injury. Conclusion Compared with the simple impingement injury, the composite impingement injury on the plateau has the characteristics of heavier injury and higher mortality, and the main organ that aggravates the effect is the lung. The degree of aggravating is roughly a grade.