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考察多伴侣性行为发生的可能性,是研究社会对个人行为作用的最佳切入点之一。本文以全国随机抽样调查的分析结果为例,检验和比较了5种相关理论思路的解释力。作者把阶层归属、社区性文化和个人的性关系态度作为社会作用的代表,以性爱现状和个体的性状况作为对照物,分别考察了这5种因素对男女两性多伴侣性行为的作用强度。数据分析表明,“社会对个人的多伴侣性行为发挥主要作用”的命题可以成立,但阶层归属的作用非常微弱,而社区性文化对男性的作用和性关系态度对女性的作用极其突出。这说明生物制约论、社会结构理论及交换理论的思路不适用于解释个人的多伴侣性行为,环境制约论和脚本理论的思路则具有更强的解释力。
Investigating the possibility of multi-partner sexual behavior is one of the best starting points to study the role of society in personal behavior. In this paper, the results of the randomized sample survey in China are used as an example to test and compare the explanatory power of five kinds of relevant theoretical ideas. The authors take the social strata affiliation, community culture and personal sexual attitude as the representative of social role. Taking the present situation of sexuality and the sexual status of the individual as the reference, the author separately examines the intensity of the five factors on sexual behavior of men and women with multiple sexual partners. The data analysis shows that the proposition that “society plays a major role in the behavior of individuals with multiple partners” can be established, but the role of class attribution is very weak. The role of community culture in men and the attitude of sexual relations are extremely prominent in women. This shows that the ideas of biological control theory, social structure theory and exchange theory do not apply to explain individual multi-partner sexual behavior, and environmental control theory and scripting theory have stronger explanatory power.