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目的探讨手足口病(hand,foot,and mouth disease,HFMD)与疱疹性咽峡炎在流行病学特征、病原体、临床症状等方面的特点。方法应用描述性流行病学方法对丰台区2016年1-5月手足口病及疱疹性咽峡炎监测病例进行流行病学分析、病原分布、临床症状体征及预后的描述分析。结果手足口病1月开始有监测病例出现,3月份开始上升,5月病例达到高峰,疱疹性咽峡炎3月开始有监测病例,4、5月病例开始明显增多;手足口病病例和疱疹性咽峡炎病例都均以托幼儿童为主(63.1%和77.8%);地区分布主要集中在外来人口和小商品批发市场集中地(89.29%和100%)。手足口病病例病原构成主要以Cox A16为主(20.2%),其次为其他肠道病毒(16.7%);疱疹性咽峡炎病例病原构成均为其他肠道病毒(100%),其中Cox A10占27.78%。临床症状中疱疹性咽峡炎发热、咽痛、头痛、呕吐的发生率(分别为91.67%、69.44%、8.33%、5.56%)均高于同时期的手足口病(分别为50.00%、8.33%、0.00%、1.19%)(P<0.05)。后期追踪发病4周调查中,手足口病的病例出现脱皮的比例(27.38%)明显大于疱疹性咽峡炎的比例(0.00%)(P<0.05)。结论疱疹性咽峡炎作为肠道病毒传染病之一,与手足口病流行病学特点有很高的相似性,且疱疹性咽峡炎在某些临床症状上相对手足口病更明显,应针对其出台相应的防控措施,纳入法定监测管理。
Objective To investigate the characteristics of epidemiological characteristics, pathogens and clinical symptoms of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) and herpes simplex. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to carry out epidemiological analysis, pathogen distribution, clinical symptoms and signs and prognosis in Fengtai District from January to May in 2016. The results of epidemiological analysis, Results Hand-foot-mouth disease started to appear in January, with the increase in March and the peak in May. Herpes angina began to be monitored in March and started to increase in April and May. Hand-foot-mouth disease and herpes The majority of cases of sexual angina were children and toddlers (63.1% and 77.8%, respectively). The geographical distribution was mainly concentrated in immigrants and small-batch wholesale markets (89.29% and 100%). The pathogens of HFMD were mainly Cox A16 (20.2%), followed by other enteroviruses (16.7%). The pathogens of herpes angina were all other enterovirus (100%), of which Cox A10 Accounting for 27.78%. The incidences of fever, sore throat, headache and vomiting were 91.67%, 69.44%, 8.33% and 5.56% respectively for herpangina in clinical symptoms than those in the same period (50.00% and 8.33 %, 0.00%, 1.19%) (P <0.05). In the 4-week follow-up survey, the proportion of cases with hand-foot-mouth disease (27.38%) was significantly greater than that of herpetic acidosis (0.00%) (P <0.05). Conclusions Herpes angina is one of the enterovirus infections and has a high similarity with the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD. Herpes angina is more obvious in certain clinical symptoms than HFMD. For its introduction of appropriate prevention and control measures, into the statutory monitoring and management.