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新中国成立后.人民解放军总员额由550万整编至400万。然而,抗美援朝战争以及为应付20世纪60年代美、苏两个超级大国可能对中国发动侵略战争,逐步扩大规模,到70年代成为拥有610万的世界上最庞大的军队。从1981年到1984年,邓小平顶住各方面压力,裁掉了铁道兵和基建工程兵,精简掉了200多万员额。
After the founding of New China, the total staffing of the People’s Liberation Army was reorganized from 5.5 million to 4 million. However, the War to Resist the Aid to the United States and aid the DPRK and the two superpowers in the United States and the Soviet Union in the 1960s may launch a war of aggression against China and gradually expand their scale. By the 1970s, they would have the largest army of 6.1 million in the world. From 1981 to 1984, Deng Xiaoping resisted pressure from all quarters and laid off more than 2 million posts for the railway corps and infrastructural engineering soldiers.