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目的了解深圳市龙岗区乙类法定传染病发病情况和流行特征,为总结防制经验和及时调整防制策略提供科学依据。方法利用描述性研究方法对深圳市龙岗区2010~2014年中国疾病预防控制系统报告的乙类法定传染病疫情资料进行统计分析。结果 2010~2014年,深圳市龙岗区共报告乙类传染病27种27 581例,主要为梅毒6 830例(36.67/10万)、淋病5 756例(30.90/10万)、乙肝4 317例(23.17/10万)、肺结核4 014例(21.55/10万)、菌痢2 050例(11.01/10万)及猩红热1 338例(7.18/10万),分别占病例数的24.76%、20.86%、15.65%、15.55%、7.43%、4.85%,年均发病率148.09/10万(27 581/18 625 145);共报告死亡53例,主要为为艾滋病42例(0.23/10万)、狂犬病6例(0.03/10万),分别占死亡病例数的79.25%与11.32%,年均死亡率为0.29/10万(53/18 625 145)。年均发病率位居前五位的是梅毒(36.67/10万)、病毒性肝炎(31.74/10万)、淋病(30.91/10万)、肺结核(21.55/10万)和细菌性痢疾(11.01/10万);2010~2014年乙类传染病以血液与性传播疾病为主,占乙类传染病总发病数66.65%(18 384/27 581)。结论深圳市龙岗区乙类法定传染病发病率总体呈上升趋势,血液及性传染病和呼吸道传染病是防制重点。
Objective To understand the incidence and epidemic characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases in Longgang District of Shenzhen City and provide scientific evidence for summing up the experience of prevention and control and timely adjusting the prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive method was used to analyze the data of notifiable infectious diseases in Group B reported by China’s disease control and prevention system from 2010 to 2014 in Longgang District, Shenzhen. Results A total of 27 581 cases of 27 categories of B infectious diseases were reported in Longgang District of Shenzhen from 2010 to 2014, including 6 830 cases of syphilis (36.67 / 100 000), 5 756 cases of gonorrhea (30.90 / 100 000 cases) and 4 317 cases of hepatitis B (23.17 / 100000), 4 014 cases (21.55 / 100000) of tuberculosis, 2050 cases of bacillary dysentery (11.01 / 100000) and 1 338 cases of scarlet fever (7.18 / 100000) respectively, accounting for 24.76% and 20.86 The average annual incidence was 148.09 / 100000 (27 581/18 625 145). A total of 53 deaths were reported, including 42 AIDS cases (0.23 / 100000), AIDS cases Six rabies cases (0.03 / 100,000) accounted for 79.25% and 11.32% of the deaths, respectively. The annual average death rate was 0.29 / 100,000 (53/18 625 145). The highest annual average incidence was syphilis (36.67 / 100000), viral hepatitis (31.74 / 100000), gonorrhea (30.91 / 100000), tuberculosis (21.55 / 100000) and bacillary dysentery (11.01 / 100,000). From 2010 to 2014, B-type infectious diseases were mainly blood and sexually transmitted diseases, accounting for 66.65% (18 384/27 581) of the total number of B type infectious diseases. Conclusion The incidence of notifiable infectious diseases in Category B in Longgang District of Shenzhen City is generally on the rise. Blood and sexually transmitted diseases and respiratory diseases are the key points in prevention and control.