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目的了解目前大学生群体乙型肝炎的感染现状,知晓乙肝血清学标志物在这个群体中的流行情况,为学校针对乙肝防控提供参照依据。方法采用随机抽样法从安徽某高校4个年级中各抽取681人,共2 724名在校大学生,用ELISA法检测血清乙肝两对半,同时开展相应的问卷调查,分析乙肝感染免疫标志物与各因素的关系。结果 2724份血清标本中共检出HBV血清标志物1 947份,总阳性率为71.5%。其中,抗-HBs阳性数与性别和城乡差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);HBsAg阳性数、抗-HBs阳性数、HBe Ag阳性数和抗-HBe阳性数在是否接种乙肝疫苗人群中差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);HBsAg阳性数、抗-HBs阳性数和抗-HBc阳性数在共用物品HBV标志物检出情况以及各年级HBe Ag阳性数和抗-HBe阳性数的检测中差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论安徽某高校大学生乙肝血清学标志物中HBsAg阳性率低于全国平均水平,大学生接种乙肝疫苗是预防感染最有效的方法。
Objective To understand the current status of hepatitis B infection among college students and to know the prevalence of hepatitis B serological markers in this group and to provide reference for prevention and control of hepatitis B in schools. Methods A total of 2,724 undergraduates were enrolled from 684 college students in 4 grades of a university in Anhui province by random sampling method. Serum hepatitis B was detected by ELISA in two and a half pairs. At the same time, questionnaires were conducted to analyze the relationship between hepatitis B infection immune markers and The relationship between the various factors. Results A total of 1 947 serum HBV markers were detected in 2724 serum samples with a total positive rate of 71.5%. Among them, the positive number of anti-HBs and gender and urban-rural differences were statistically significant (P <0.05); HBsAg positive number, anti-HBs positive number, HBe Ag positive number and anti-HBe positive number in the population of hepatitis B vaccine The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); HBsAg positive number, anti-HBs positive number and anti-HBc positive number in the detection of common articles HBV markers as well as the grade of HBe Ag positive number and anti-HBe positive number detection The differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions The HBsAg positive rate of hepatitis B serological markers in college students in Anhui province is lower than the national average. Hepatitis B vaccine is the most effective way to prevent infection among college students.