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①目的 观察新型气压弹道碎石机经输尿管肾镜治疗输尿管结石的临床效果。②方法 应用输尿管肾镜气压弹道碎石术治疗输尿管结石２０ 例（２１ 侧），包括输尿管上段结石６例，中段１ 例，输尿管下段结石１３ 例。③结果 １６ 例（１７ 侧）输尿管结石１ 次碎石成功，３０ｄ 碎石排净率为９４．０％ ．手术失败４ 例４ 侧， ２ 例结石碎片上移到肾盂或肾盏，改行体外冲击波碎石术；另２ 例因输尿管石街形成或输尿管迂曲，输尿管肾镜难以到达结石部位，改行开放手术。④结论 气压弹道碎石术是一种安全、高效的输尿管腔内碎石术，可作为输尿管中段和下段结石的首选治疗方法。
①Objective To observe the clinical effect of ureteroscopic treatment of ureteral calculi by a new pneumatic lithotripter. Methods ureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy was used to treat ureteral calculi in 20 cases (21 sides), including 6 cases of upper ureteral calculi, 1 case of middle ureteral calculi, and 13 cases of lower ureteral calculi. Results 16 cases (17 sides) of ureteral stones were successfully treated with primary gravel, and the discharge rate of gravel after 30 days was 94.0%. 4 cases of surgical failure in 4 cases, 2 cases of stone fragments moved to the renal pelvis or calyx, diverted extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy; the other 2 cases due to ureteral stone street or ureter tortuosity, ureteroscopy difficult to reach the stone site, diverted to open surgery. ④ Conclusions Pneumatic lithotripsy is a safe and effective ureteral lithotripsy, which can be used as the first choice for the treatment of middle and lower ureteral stones.