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目的通过动物实验,采用不同浓度尼膜同灌洗给药,探讨其防治脑血管痉挛的最佳药物浓度和效应时间,为临床直用提供可靠的实验依据。方法采用颞部开窗置管注血法建立兔脑血管痉挛动物模型,分成4组,在注血后第3天打开颞部切口,分别用不同浓度的尼膜同液术野灌冼,A组:1:20尼膜同液;B组:1:10尼膜同液;C组:1:5尼膜同液;D组:5%乙醇生理盐水对照组,用TCD监测大脑中动脉在用药后5min、15min、30min、60min时的血流速度,14d后处死动物,光镜下观察大脑中动脉周围脑组织及海马病理变化。结果B组在用药后60min大脑中动脉血流速度显著下降;C组用药后15min大脑中动脉血流速度显著下降(P<0.05),30min和60min下降更显著(P<0.01)。大脑中动脉周围脑组织及海马病理检查细胞结构未见异常。结论1:5和1:10尼膜同液在术野中灌洗后能显著解除脑血管痉挛,提示在颅脑手术中采用适量尼膜同液冲冼,对防治术后脑血管痉挛安全、有效。
OBJECTIVE: To study the best drug concentration and time for prevention and treatment of cerebral vasospasm through animal experiments and different concentrations of nimoton and lavage, so as to provide a reliable experimental basis for direct clinical use. Methods The animal model of cerebral vasospasm in rabbits was established by injecting the blood in the temporal window. The rabbits were divided into 4 groups, and the temporal incision was opened on the 3rd day after the blood was injected. Group B: 1: 10 nimotid with the same liquid; Group C: 1: 5 nimotope with the same liquid; Group D: 5% ethanol normal saline control group, using the TCD to monitor the middle cerebral artery After 5 min, 15 min, 30 min and 60 min after administration, the animals were sacrificed 14 days later. The pathological changes of brain tissue and hippocampus around the middle cerebral artery were observed under light microscope. Results The blood flow velocity of middle cerebral artery decreased significantly in group B 60 minutes after drug administration. The blood flow velocity of middle cerebral artery decreased significantly in group C at 15 minutes (P <0.05), and decreased more significantly at 30 minutes and 60 minutes (P <0.01). There was no abnormal cell structure in the brain tissue and hippocampus around the middle cerebral artery. Conclusion 1: 5 and 1:10 nimotope fluid in the surgical field after irrigation can significantly relieve cerebral vasospasm, suggesting that the amount of nimotop in the brain surgery with flushing, the prevention and treatment of postoperative cerebral vasospasm is safe and effective .