目的观察去皮层血管大鼠前脑及前脑NBM皮层胆碱能系统的改变及用健脑益智冲剂后的影响。方法采用去大鼠左侧皮层血管方法造模,跳台、水迷宫法做行为学观察,采用组织化学法对皮层、Meynert基底核及海马胆碱能神经元染色。结果造模后大鼠出现明显的学习记忆功能减退,Meynert基底核AchE阳性神经元细胞数目明显减少,有的细胞体皱缩,甚则呈空泡样变,突起变细、变短,分支减少,染色很浅,皮层、海马特别是海马CA1区胆碱能神经纤维分布密度显著减少,给药组大鼠Meynert基底核AchE阳性神经元胞体染色较深,突起较长、皮层、海马胆碱能神经纤维染色变深,纤维分布较密集用药组行为学成绩明显好转。结论去皮层血管造成大鼠中枢胆碱能系统损伤,引起学习记忆功能减退,健脑益智冲剂对损伤的胆碱能神经元及神经纤维有保护作用,通过上调胆碱能系统的功能改善学习记忆能力。 Objective To observe the changes of the cholinergic system of the NBM cortex in the forebrain and forebrain of rats with cortical blood vessels and the effect of using Jiannao Yizhi Granule. Methods The model of rat left cortical blood vessel was used to make the model. The step-by-step and water maze were used to observe the behavior. The cortex, Meynert basal nucleus and hippocampal cholinergic neurons were stained by histochemical method. RESULTS: Obvious reduction of learning and memory occurred in rats after modeling. The number of AchE-positive neurons in the basal ganglia of Meynert significantly decreased. Some cell bodies shrank, and vacuolar degeneration occurred. The protrusions became thinner and shorter, and branches decreased. The staining was very shallow, and the distribution density of cholinergic nerve fibers in the cortex and hippocampus, especially in hippocampal CA1 region, was significantly reduced. The AchE-positive neurons of Meynert basal ganglia stained deeper in the administration group, and the projections were longer and the cortex and hippocampus cholinergic. The staining of nerve fibers became deeper, and the fiber distribution was significantly better in the intensive medication group. Conclusion The cortical blood vessels in the stratum cornea cause damage to the central cholinergic system in rats, resulting in diminished learning and memory function. Jiannao Yizhi Granules have protective effects on injured cholinergic neurons and nerve fibers, and they improve learning by up-regulating the function of the cholinergic system. Memory capacity.