用对比研究的方法分析了１５例感染丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）的供血员（病例组）和１５例健康供血员（对照组）中ＨＬＡⅠ类抗原分布频率。结果发现，病例组中，ＨＬＡ－Ａ２、Ａ１１、Ｂ４０、Ｂ１５的抗原频率分别为２６．６７％、３３．３３％、６．６７％、２０．００％。对照组中ＨＬＡ－Ａ２、Ａ１１、Ｂ４０、Ｂ１５的抗原频率分别为７３．３３％、４０．００％、６．６７％、６．６７％，ＨＬＡ－Ａ２抗原频率在病例组和对照组之间存在显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示：ＨＬＡ－Ａ２抗原可能和西安地区供血员中ＨＣＶ感染和携带状态有关 The frequencies of HLA class I antigens in 15 blood donors (case group) and 15 healthy blood donors (control group) infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) were analyzed by comparative method. The results showed that the antigen frequencies of HLA-A2, A11, B40 and B15 in case group were 26.67%, 33.33%, 6.67% and 20.00% respectively. The antigen frequencies of HLA-A2, A11, B40 and B15 in the control group were 73.33%, 40.00%, 6.67% and 6.67%, respectively. The frequency of HLA-A2 antigen was between the case group and the control group There was a significant difference (P <0.05). Tip: HLA-A2 antigen may be related to HCV infection and carriage status in blood donors in Xi’an